Hyper-Spectral Imaging Satellite (HysIS), Launch by ISRO

ISRO(Indian Space Research Organisation) launched India’s first Hyper-Spectral Imaging Satellite (HySIS), an advanced earth observation satellite and 30 foreign satellites on 29 Nov, 2018 at 9:58 am .PSLV C43 delivered India’s HySIS satellite into the polar sun synchronous orbit at an altitude of 630 Km. from earth taking 17 minutes and 27 seconds after the launch.

What is Hyper-Spectral Imaging Satellite (HysIS)?

Hyperspectral imaging collects and processes information from across the electromagnetic spectrum. The goal of hyperspectral imaging is to obtain the spectrum for each pixel in the image of a scene, with the purpose of finding objects, identifying materials, or detecting processes. Hyperspectral imaging measures contiguous spectral bands while human can see only visible spectral bands. Hyperspectral sensors look at objects using a vast portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. Certain objects leave unique 'fingerprints' in the electromagnetic spectrum. Known as spectral signatures, these 'fingerprints' enable identification of the materials that make up a scanned object.

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Hyperspectral sensors collect information as a set of 'images'. Each image represents a narrow wavelength range of the electromagnetic spectrum, also known as a spectral band. These 'images' are combined to form a three-dimensional hyperspectral data cubes for processing and analysis.

Hyperspectral payload of HySIS satellite is a hyperspectral imaging sensor operating in the visible and near infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum. This earth observing imaging spectrometer will operate in the 0.4 to 0.95µm spectral range, will have 55 spectral bands with 10 nanometre spectral sampling and 30 metre spatial sampling. Push-broom scanning mode is the operating mode of this sensor from a 630 km orbit.

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What is the importance For India?

Recently China launched their Hyperspectral imaging satellite with main focus on monitoring of air pollution. Having first HySIs satellite India has achieved capacity of monitoring of its oil fields, crops, forests,  pattern of air pollution etc..

According to an EO expert who called it the ‘CATSCAN’ equivalent of the Earth from space.

 ISRO is setting up new milestones with every new launch , after this launch India has been included in the list of the few countries with Hyper-Spectral Imaging satellites.